what was the capital of north vietnam, What is the central city in northern Vietnam?

Capital of North Vietnam: What Was It?

Hanoi lies in the northern part of Vietnam from where the Red River Delta arcs and the Mekong Delta bends near the southern bounds of Ho Chi Minh City. Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City are the two big cities of Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh City, alone, outnumbers Hanoi in regard to population size and contribution to economic value. Why is it that Vietnam does not incline towards Ho Chi Minh City as the capital city but prefers Hanoi for administrative purposes?

The air distance from Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh City is almost 1,100 kilometers, which is more or less the same distance from Beijing to Shanghai, or Shanghai to Hong Kong. One does see, at least in my country, since the Qin Dynasty when there has been one writing system and one railway system, some very distinctive cultural differences between the north and south; and from the Qing Dynasty back, there was an engagement of sorts, such that the differences between the two very different regions are manifest even more clearly.