Hanoi is an ancient city with a thousand-year historya long. Around 3000 BC, the arrival of people marks the beginning of life therein. In all probability, "Guo Luo City", the construction of which began in 200 BC, may be looked at as the urbanization prototype. Hanoi was occupied by ancient Chinese. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established Jiaozhi Prefecture, which includes modern Hanoi, in 111 BC. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Songping Prefecture was built in Hanoi, with Changguo County seated on it. During the Sui Dynasty, it was renamed Songping County and served as the nerve center of Jiaozhi Prefecture. In the year 621, the Tang Dynasty moved the seat of Jiaozhou to Songping County (present-day Hanoi) and built a city in it with later becoming the Annan Protectorate, which, governed the province. In the late Tang Dynasty, it became the residence of the Jinghai Army Jiedushi, During 2007, ruins of the Tang Dynasty's Annan Protectorate were unearthed in Hanoi. Towards the end of the 9th century, Jiaozhou was occupied for a while by Nanzhao. Gao Pian, a Tang Dynasty minister, who served as the Protector General of Annan and the Jiedushi of Jinghai, built Luocheng to repel Nanzhao invaders. Thereafter, Jiaozhou (Hanoi) was referred to as "Da Luo". From the 10th century onwards, after Vietnam freed itself from Chinese rule in 939, the area of present Hanoi became the site of feudal dynasties in Vietnam under Ly, Tran, and Hou Le and was thus nicknamed "the land of a thousand-year-old cultural relics." |